Reviewing the potentials of some unorthodox energy feedstuffs: A panacea to sustainable animal agriculture in Nigeria

Abstract

Utilization of some lesser known energy feed ingredients in animal agriculture was appraised. Fermented cassava meal and maize offal appeared to be most promising alternative replacement for maize in diets for broilers and laying hens with 100 % dietary inclusion (p>0.05). Palm oil sludge, guinea corn and spent grain have also been reported to replace maize up to 50% dietary level in fish and poultry diets without compromising performance; however, it was revealed that raw cocoyam and sweet potato cannot be tolerated beyond 30% dietary inclusion in fish and poultry diets (p<0.05) without adverse effect on production. Nevertheless , all the unorthodox feed resources were found to be economically viable alternatives to maize in practical diets for fish and livestock  production towards the realization of cheap and sustainable animal protein intake for Nigerians